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Herbert Freudenberger
Herbert J. Freudenberger (1926–1999) was a German-born American psychologist. Though Freudenberger had many jobs in his life, including practitioner, editor, theoretician, and author, his most significant contribution is in the understanding and treatment of stress, burnout, and substance abuse.〔Canter, M. B., & Freudenberger, L. (2001). Herbert J. Freudenberger (1926-1999). American Psychologist, 56(12), 1171. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.〕
Freudenberger was one of the first to describe the symptoms of exhaustion professionally and conduct a comprehensive study on burnout. In 1980, he published a book dealing with burnout, which became a standard reference on the phenomenon. His most prestigious award was the American Psychological Foundation Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Practice of Psychology in 1999.〔
==Early life==
Freudenberger was born on November 26, 1926 in Frankfurt, Germany, to a middle-class Jewish-German family. His father was a cattle dealer, while his mother had three jobs: bookkeeper, housekeeper, and business partner.
In 1933, Hitler came to power in Germany. After the beating of Freudenberger's grandmother and the death of his grandfather, he fled to the United States, with his parents' approval and false passport in hand. Traveling alone through multiple cities and countries, Freudenberger arrived in New York, where he cared for himself until a relative took him in. Once he had settled in New York, Freudenberger quickly learned English, and graduated from a junior high school with honors. When his parents finally made it to the U.S., Freudenberger went to work as a tool and die maker's apprentice to support them, instead of moving on to high school.〔Herbert Freudenberger. (1993). American Psychologist, 48(4), 356-358. .〕
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